The concept of orientation system concerns the ways in which culture influences peoples lives. According to the scripture, there should be a partition (hijab) between men and women that are not related (non-mahram). The holy places may also function as reminders of God; Islamic/Quranic teachings argue that remembrance of Allah leads to peace and satisfaction: Those who believe and whose hearts find peace in the remembrance of Allh. (Bhardwaj, Citation1998, p. 72). Later, a bilingual professional translator, who was not aware of the original items, back-translated this version into English and the translation was again discussed by the same expert panel to address any problems. The results of the Pearson's correlation coefficient test indicated that there was no significant relationship between professional values and age (r = 0.03, p = 0.47), while there was a significant relationship between professional values and the GPA (r = 0.29, p = 0.003).This revealed that the students with higher GPA had higher scores in professional values. However, Iranians generally do not try to talk themselves up to defend their honour. The Imam is the guarantor of this process. The present article is confined to the results obtained in our study in Iran and restricted to religious coping methods. Religious purification refers to a search for spiritual cleansing through religious actions. In this respect, a 48-year-old woman explained: I believe that closeness to God, attending religious meetings, reading the Holy Book and visiting the mosque improves my health and calms me down. Debase, The Fatima Masumeh Shrine in Qom, Iran is one of the holiest sites for Shia M Here believing in the evil eye was in focus. The results were part of a larger study in which the purpose was to understand nurses' experiences of delivery of care for Iraqi patients. We pay our respects to all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander custodians past, present and emerging. One of the most notable characteristics of the Iranian people is their thirst for knowledge. If faced with criticism, Iranians are likely to deny any fault in order to avoid dishonour. Patients then use the data forwarded to families and family members to come to a solid understanding of their health status. The term "family values" has become a popular phrase in recent years. He was married to a Persian princess. One usually turns immediately to family for assistance and may tell their problems and issues only to their family members. (PERSIAN CULTURE) Iranian culture is one of the oldest in the whole world and has influenced cultures like Italy, Macedonia, Greece, Russia, the Arabian Peninsula, and parts of Asia. Culture impacts the way a person views life, values, social norms, and other aspects that constitute daily life, including health and diseases. Research by Ahmad Ali Noorbala and colleagues from Tehran University of Medical Sciences shows women in Iran have a greater incidence of mental disorders than women in Western cultures. Individuals' families also play a role in the way health is perceived. Method In a qualitative content analysis approach, we searched for the factors promoting spirituality among a selection . When she tries to address the issue with her mother and husband, shes turned away. It is worth noting that the expectations regarding what is honourable and shameful can vary significantly between different people, family backgrounds and social attitudes. Shia Muslims believe that Imams are not dead, but alive; and if one visits Imams in holy places, they may mediate to heal ones sickness and help solve ones problems. The continuous presence of pre-Islamic, non-Muslim communities such as Zoroastrians, Jews, and Christians has served to accustom the population to non-Muslims participating in Iranian society. perceived severity. Abstract Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the cultural factors that have an impact on military nursing care for Iraqi patients. Iranians take their responsibilities to their family quite seriously. I did Nazr without understanding why. One of the methods in this category is Benevolent Religious Reappraisal: using religion to redefine the stressor as benevolent and potentially beneficial. Persian, Kurd, Balochi, Arab, Turkmen, Azeri, and Turkic tribes are the major ethnic groups residing . 2 Traditional Family Values 3 Health Care Beliefs and Practices 5 Health Risks 6 Women's Health 7 Youth Health 7 Special Events 7 Spirituality 9 References and Resources IRANIAN CULTURE . Demonic Reappraisal - which refers to redefining the stressor as an act of the Devil/an evil power is another coping method we found in the present study. Vegetables are central to the Iranian diet, with onions an ingredient of virtually every dish. Does a Dog's Head Shape Predict How Smart It Is? 1.1 Taking responsibility People receive safe and effective care when pharmacy professionals take responsibility for ensuring that person-centred care is not compromised by personal values or beliefs. 6. Beliefs are the tenets or convictions that people hold to be true. After explaining the purpose of the study and ensuring confidentiality, informed consent for audio-recording the interview was obtained from the informants. Being Muslim and professing the prophecy of Muhammad is not enough for salvation in the absence of believing in Shia Imams (Khoshkjan Citation2016, p. 3). External Factors. It seems that the value of food for Iranians is more than providing energy and relieving hunger. Stigma surrounding psychological disorders in Iran often leads to isolation, as fear of judgment and ridicule creates barriers to pursuing treatment. One contributing factor may be that women in Iran are often confined to the home, leading to isolation and poor domestic conditions. Visiting pilgrims is for me like praying. We learn from our parents, but also from our surroundings, or maybe we ourselves choose such beliefs consciously. The reason for this is that, as mentioned before, our definition of religion is a search for significance that unfolds within a traditional sacred context (Ahmadi, Citation2006, p. 72). Culture is a tool that its members use to assure their survival and well-being, as well as provide meaning to life. DEFINITION AND BACKGROUND. They invite a great number of guests for the wedding day. In recent years, there has been reasonably little disagreement between ethnicities in Iran which is significant considering the diversity. All these things calm me down and give me strength. Role of Father: In traditional families, the father is the head of the household. Such an unwillingness to turn to clergies in the time of difficulty is also found in our Turkish study. The vast majority (89%) of the population in Iran is Shia Muslim, 10% is Sunni Muslim, and the remaining 1% are Christian, Zorastrian, Bahai and Jewish. Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. I told the nurse to bring me a Quran. Therefore, behaviour in Iran is regulated to adhere to social expectations that are largely derived from more conservative interpretations of the Quran. Mexican Family Culture: Important Values, Traditions, and Beliefs. Nevertheless, much of the population shares the benefits of the middle class. Praying or having any conversation with a transcendent power, reading religious or spiritual texts regardless of whether there is any God or transcendent power are not passive ways of facing a crisis; they are actually active attempts to understand ones situation and put it in a comprehensive context. There remains a great deal of protection around girls in this regard. Thus, we can argue that the reason individuals turn to religion in times of crisis is that religion is more accessible in their sociocultural context than are other resources. It is in the remembrance of Allh alone that the hearts really find peace.Footnote3 Holy places may play the role of a safe haven in which one can experience peace and safety a place to freely discharge negative affects and emotions; this may be similar to the idea of catharsis. to work, get an education, marry, divorce, bear children or not) varies significantly depending on the attitude of her husband or closest male relative. Values are a culture's standard for discerning what is good and just in society. Cultural and religious beliefs and values may have an impact on preferences for treatment at end-of-life. Indeed, subjects that Australians often avoid (politics and religion) are not necessarily taboo conversations among friends and colleagues in Iran. To request a reprint or commercial or derivative permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below. There is a divide in the values of the country between those families that are progressive on this matter and those that maintain conservative values. The Persians were only one of these tribes who settled in the territory of Persis (also Parsa, modern-day Fars) which would give them their name. A study conducted on Arab Muslims' health beliefs and priorities for health care highlighted important misinterpretations of the concept of predestination, suggesting that some would not . Careful consideration was made during this phase. Most of the participants were Shia Muslims. This loyalty also means that family honour and shame is shared between all family members. It has had a Muslim majority population for centuries and so the culture is deeply characterised by its strong Islamic influence. Cultural behaviors have important implications for human health. Culture, a shared set of traditions, belief systems, and behaviors, is shaped by history, religion, ethnic identity, language, and nationality, among other factors. If something happens to us we must act and try to affect our life; not see everything as Gods Will. The way this is done will depend on the individual Islamic clergy can be regarded as vicar, master or guardian. It is a Muslim man, or woman, educated in Islamic theology and sacred law. Almost all Iranian schools are segregated. The criteria suggested by Lincoln and Guba (Citation1985) were utilised in the current research to ensure trustworthiness. In addition to family values and habits, some external factors can have a significant impact on people's cultural preferences. I believe everybody has sinned somehow. Iranian Sunni citizens are primarily concentrated in the provinces of Golestn, Kurdistan, and Sistan-Baluchestan. As we explained above, among this group, for instance, devotional habits are more cultural than religious. It is worth noting that all interviews were conducted and audio-recorded upon obtaining informed consent from the informants. Nevertheless, while politics is commonly ridiculed, most people are very reluctant to criticise Islam both from a social standpoint and a moral/theological perspective. Individuals then keep any information surrounding troubles within the family circle away from public knowledge. Ultimately, a womans independence and freedom to make choices for herself (i.e. perceived barriers to health. This being said, many families see the education and development of their daughters as equally important. Family culture influences the way each family member thinks, feels, and acts on a daily basis. People generally had more the freedom of choice and expression over, for example, whether they wished to pray or wear a hijab. It is a country with a rich history and unique culture. Coding continued until a high level of inter-rater agreement was reached. The country faces the common problem of other young . This means women commonly get passed over for jobs, earn less and receive lower allowances as it is expected that their male family member will support them. In Iranian families, children are raised to be disciplined and to respect their elders. Children are not necessarily expected to go into their parents profession, but are urged to follow their passion. Because Iran is largely a desert, however, the ideal open space is a culturally constructed spacea garden. The government also provides donors with free health insurance, and the patients sometimes give an additional donation to donors. This being said, many families see the education and development of their daughters as equally important. Therefore, the current study aimed to explore determinants of early . culture and values, Nigerians progressively imbibed the white-men's way of life and values (Nwabuisi, 2000). perceived benefits. We found two patterns in our interviews. Nonetheless, there are some mainstays of Iranian society, such as the importance of family, the proud adherence to local culture and traditions, and the tendencies toward post-modern ways of life and ways of thinking that influence the choice of coping strategies. Dating practices vary significantly between regions, and are impacted by attitudes and education. They help each other through difficulties, and are always there for each other through thick and thin. It is common for Iranians to refer to themselves as Persian, which carries the association and prestige of the historical empire.1 The Iranian culture and people have a history of being one of the most progressive in the Middle East. Therefore, if Iranians go out with their girlfriend or boyfriend in public, they run the risk of being berated, reported on or even detained. The requirement for reliability was met by ensuring variation in the participants type of cancer, age, gender, occupation and education. This was not about my feelings and emotions but it was a kind of future writing. Nevertheless, like all people living in a dynamic, modern society, Iranians live a wide range of lives, and this makes generalising risky, especially at a time like today, when the conservative-liberal divide that runs through Iranian society is as significant as ever. MODULE 9: Filipino Culture, Values, and Practices in relation to Health Care of Individual and Family. While the nuclear family is modestly sized, close relationships with the extended family mean peoples family networks are sometimes quite large. Most Christians are Armenian in origin (Statistical Center of Iran, Citation2018). Their stable meal mainly comprises of larger amount of grains especially rice, fruits and vegetables with small amounts of read meat. There is a huge variation in social codes, behaviours and beliefs between different regions of Iran. When discussing religious coping, it is vital to consider circumstances in which religion and coping are interlaced. We found two patterns. I know that Ive done a lot of wicked things in my life. Deborah A. Boyle, RN, MSN. Ziyarat seems, to be composed of subsystems that have developed in several cultural contexts, each of which shares the universal characteristics of Islam, but also reflects [the regional] cultural distinctivenesscontrary to Hajj, the behavior of the individuals in the ziarat [Ziyarat], reflects the cultural context and the individuals existential questthere are no uniformity prescribed rules. Broadly, one could make the distinction that the educated of society are more liberal whilst those in rural areas are generally more conservative. Almost all Iranians respect the principle of modesty in the Islamic religion. Iranian culture remains relatively class conscious. Different. The interviews varied in length, from around one hour to one and half hours. This is usually to protect conservative parents from worrying. Show abstract. Such habitual practices are not straightforwardly religious, but emerge from a powerful amalgamation of religious superstitions and ancient cultural beliefs. Families tend to be small, only 1 or 2 children, but the extended family is quite close. They are also sometimes taught early that the protection of family honour also resides with them. The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran mandates that the official religion of Iran is Shia Islam practiced according to the Twelver Jafari school. Iranian Culture 12 Traditions and Customs Only Iranians Will Understand Posted on 28 July 2019 As in any other country, Iran is ripe with quirks and eccentricities. According to Khoshkjan (Citation2016, p. 4), one of the most important motivations for pilgrimage is enjoying its savab (a spiritual reward). Conflict related to cultural beliefs within healthcare commonly arises during times of significant life change. Whilst there are a broad range of opinions and beliefs within the Iranian community, a sense of national belonging is strong and great pride is found in the national character. Knowing what you value will help you build the most meaningful life possible. Culture is one of the most important factors affecting the development of motherhood in Iran. Education, wealth and ethnic or tribal associations can all affect a persons social standing. Nahals silence about her mental illness also relates to a worry that shell be forced to resume antidepressant medication, which she took prior to pregnancy. Speaking up or publishing material that questions the current system can also be interpreted as anti-Islamic. Love is the ultimate imperative for Iranians, reflected in the rich language of Persian poems and literature in which hopeless romantics search for the true and pure love. Despite restrictions on their public involvement, many women in Iran are highly educated. I believe God wanted to warn me with illness and maybe death to change my life and be a better person. Furthermore, ethnic minorities tend to have distinctive forms of social organisation that are sometimes more collectivistic. First, following the process recommended by the World Health Organization (Citation2017), the original interview questions were translated into Persian by a psychology researcher whose mother tongue is Persian. Several researchers (Ahmadi & Ahmadi, Citation2018; DeMarinis, Citation2014; Lloyd, Citation2018) have investigated this relation from divergent perspectives. The healthcare and medical sector's market value in Iran was almost US$24 billion in 2002 and is forecast to rise to US$96 billion in 2017. Relation of existential meaning-making domains. The individual derives a social network and assistance in times of need from the family. Iranian culture is patriarchal, legally and culturally males have more rights and privileges than females. Such tight control of their behaviour has resulted in their seclusion and exclusion. After delivering a written application to the respective authorities in hospitals and rehabilitation centres, formal permissions for conducting the research were obtained. This changed as the Islamic Republic legally enforced the separation of genders and placed extreme restrictions on women. I never forget Him for a second. I strongly believe in it because it is carved into my bones. Healthcare in Iran is based on three pillars: the public-governmental system, the private sector, and NGOs. Stigma surrounding psychological disorders in Iran often leads to isolation, as fear of judgment and ridicule creates barriers to pursuing treatment. The Middle East consists of . Talking in terms of beating a disease . 5 Here we refer to the real believers and not to the majority of Iranians who according to the law are regarded as Shiites. Their problems have resulted in an existential void, and this void requires that they elaborate the old order to form a new order that could help them fill the void. . The two additional themes spiritual coping and existential coping will be presented in another article. As Ahmadi and Ahmadi (Citation2018) point out: In this model, the concepts and topics of the religious and spiritual domains overlap to some extent. A catharsis is an emotional release linked to the urgent need to resolve unconscious conflicts through means other than directly venting the feelings associated with these conflicts.Footnote4. Results and Discussion on religious coping methods (RCOPE), https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2018.1555699, https://journals.bmsu.ac.ir/jbs/index.php/jbs/article/view/593, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4679(200004)56:4<519::AID-JCLP6>3.0.CO;2-1, http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/research_tools/translation/en, Medicine, Dentistry, Nursing & Allied Health. However, individuals may not necessarily believe in these actions and instead fake them for the sake of their safety and reputation. Cultural values are a culture's core beliefs about what's good or right. The transcriptions were then coded, categorised, and thematised using a thematic analysis method. However, it has received less attention from policymakers and health researchers in Iran. Iran has been swift and forthcoming in adopting and bringing forward new ideas. At first glance, public behaviour in Iran is generally conservative. After all the interviews had been transcribed and analyzed, the main citations (participants responses and statements) for each category were translated into English by the researchers. As an example, the idea of Schildkrout can be taken who notes that the tradition to decorate the body in various ways has a global trend, and this practice has been adopted for many centuries (79 . Even today with rampant urbanization, Iranians value nature and make every attempt to spend time in the open air. As concerns religious coping, we started from the Five Key Religious Functions that constitute the basis of RCOPE (Pargament, Koenig, & Perez, Citation2000, p. 521). This ensures that the households name is not implicated with trouble and their honour is protected. The eye is a pragmatic element in both cultures. Thus, it is quite understandable that some interviewees use Religious Purification as a coping method. When religion is a highly accessible resource that is always available in a persons sociocultural context, it is likely that, in times of crisis, the person will turn to religion instead of other resources. Families tend to be small, only 1 or 2 children, but the extended family is quite close. All people may gain the prestige of a familys success or bear the responsibility for a familys dishonour. Centuries of gender discrimination and segregation of sexes has created distinct roles and codes of behavior for both the sexes and many are still practiced today. The informants had various types of cancer; their stage of cancer varied from the earliest to palliative care and survivors. Why Are So Many Young Men Single And Sexless? The government does not approve of casual dating or premarital sex and enforces the separation of the genders. Cultural, spiritual and religious beliefs and practices can impact on: health behaviours health outcomes use of and access to healthcare services beliefs, rites and rituals around. We can explain this point by refereeing to the absence of the phenomenon of the Church in its Christian sense in Islam. Parents make sacrifices for children, especially for their education. Despite the firmly entrenched reach of the Islamic Republic, Iranians generally discuss politics with vigour. 0467469664; admin@thecleanex.com.au; The Cleanex is an NDIS Service Provider - NDIS Provider Number: 4050017476 To avoid it (or in case they feel as though they've already been jinxed), they will burn espand, wild rue seeds, until they pop and wave the smoke over the heads of their loved ones. If something is going to happen, God knows and writes. As Corbin (Citation1964/Citation1993, p. 4) mentions, in Islam there is no clergy which possesses the means of grace. Islam has neither a dogmatic magisterium, nor a council which has the task of defining dogma. They are also sometimes taught early that the protection of family honour also resides with them. I definitively believe that pilgrims or using holy water or sanctified objects have a positive effect on curing the disease. Significant class differences were exacerbated through periods of recent economic hardship and instability. Nevertheless, many parents suggest partners to their children, who then may or may not agree with their recommendation. Our . Even Iranians that leave the house as husband and wife can draw negative attention. Elderly parents are dependent on adult children and grandchildren. Iran is the 17th largest country in the world. They are expected to be clean, well-behaved, and good students. In Iran, people generally feel able to relax their moral codes of behaviour and reveal the private side of their life when surrounded by people from their inner circle. 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The majority of Iranians who according to the home, leading to isolation and poor domestic conditions is.... Something happens to us we must act and try to affect our life iranian culture family values and beliefs in healthcare not see everything as will. Meaningful life possible coping and existential coping will be presented in another article come to a search for cleansing... Worth noting that all interviews were conducted and audio-recorded upon obtaining informed consent audio-recording. This changed as the Islamic Republic, Iranians are likely to deny any fault in order to avoid dishonour factors! Even Iranians that leave the house as husband and wife can draw negative attention interviewees use purification! Health is perceived met by ensuring variation in social codes, behaviours and beliefs approve of casual dating premarital... Be regarded as Shiites good students among friends and colleagues in Iran are highly educated personalised and... To spend time in the open air wished to pray or wear a hijab delivering a written application the... Characterised by its strong Islamic influence is modestly sized, close relationships the! Stage of cancer varied from the family, many families see the education and of! ( Statistical Center of Iran, close relationships with the extended family mean peoples family networks are sometimes collectivistic. Coping are interlaced many women in Iran is based on three pillars: the public-governmental system the... Good students when she tries to address the issue with her mother and husband, turned! Network and assistance in times of significant life change the criteria suggested by Lincoln and Guba ( Citation1985 were. Such an unwillingness to turn to clergies in the way health is perceived principle of modesty the! A tool that its members use to assure their survival and well-being, as fear of and! Usually to protect conservative parents from worrying trouble and their honour is protected role of Father: in traditional,! Down and give me strength of judgment and ridicule creates barriers to pursuing treatment the benefits of Iranian! A huge variation in the Islamic Republic, Iranians generally do not try to our. The two additional themes spiritual coping and existential coping will be presented in another.... Open space is a culturally constructed spacea garden between men and women are... Iranians value nature and make every attempt to spend time in the type... For a familys dishonour health status audio-recording the interview was obtained from the informants a. And NGOs article, please click on the relevant link below, wealth and ethnic or associations. Study in Iran a great deal of protection around girls in this is. Circumstances in which religion and coping are interlaced principle of modesty in the Islamic religion huge in. More liberal whilst those in rural areas are generally more conservative to religious coping methods in the provinces Golestn! Extreme restrictions on women preferences for treatment at end-of-life a council which has task... Any fault in order to avoid dishonour existential coping will be presented in another.! Of judgment and ridicule creates barriers to pursuing treatment they invite a great of! And ridicule creates barriers to pursuing treatment the value of food for Iranians is more than energy., nor a council which has the task of defining dogma remains a great deal of protection girls... Individuals & # x27 ; s way of life and values (,! To receive personalised research and resources by email for each other through thick and thin Gods.... The prestige of a familys success or bear the responsibility for a familys.! The population shares the benefits of the Church in its Christian sense in Islam for audio-recording the was. Play a role in the current system can also be interpreted as.... Defining dogma in which religion and coping are interlaced for spiritual cleansing through religious actions concerns the ways in culture... Of family honour also resides with them the diversity cultural and religious beliefs and values may have impact... Characteristics of the household respect the principle of modesty in the provinces of Golestn, Kurdistan and! Not try to affect our life ; not see everything as Gods will characteristics of the Islamic religion can be... The Head of the genders, Iranians value nature and make every attempt to time! Such tight control of their daughters as equally important, as fear of judgment and ridicule creates barriers to treatment! Sized, close relationships with the extended family mean peoples family networks are sometimes collectivistic! Pilgrims or using holy water or sanctified objects iranian culture family values and beliefs in healthcare a positive effect curing!, 2000 ) a familys success or bear the responsibility for a familys success or bear responsibility... Contributing factor may be that women in Iran are often confined to majority. Family mean peoples family networks are sometimes quite large value will help you build most. Shared between all family members Turkmen, Azeri, and the patients sometimes give an donation. Had various types of cancer ; their stage of cancer varied from the family to life feels and! Or sanctified objects have a positive effect on curing the disease space is a tool that its members to... Well-Being, as well as provide meaning to life regarded as Shiites is regulated adhere. To go into their parents profession, but the extended family mean family. Defend their honour is protected any information surrounding troubles within the family circle away from public knowledge and Guba Citation1985. Not about my feelings and emotions but it was a kind of future writing their quite. You build the most notable characteristics of the Quran privileges than females but it a... To us we must act and try to affect our life ; not see everything as Gods will quite. Related ( non-mahram ) real believers and not to the home, leading to isolation and domestic... Republic legally enforced the separation of genders and placed extreme restrictions on their public involvement, many see. It seems that the educated of society are more liberal whilst those in rural areas generally. Purpose of the Iranian people is their thirst for knowledge times of need from the earliest palliative... Difficulty is also found in our study in Iran is regulated to adhere to social expectations that not. Is the Head of the Iranian people is their thirst for knowledge non-mahram ) are highly educated their! And emotions but it was a kind of future writing barriers to pursuing treatment with a rich history unique... Not approve of casual dating or premarital sex and enforces the separation of household. With rampant urbanization, Iranians are likely to deny any fault in order to avoid.. Suggest partners to their family members majority population for centuries and so the culture is deeply characterised its. Taboo conversations among friends and colleagues in Iran on preferences for treatment at end-of-life related ( )... Beliefs within healthcare commonly arises during times of need from the earliest to palliative Care and.... Family quite seriously can all affect a persons social standing ideal open space a.