c. It is expensive to keep collecting data on a large number of participants. Scores on the new intelligence test are correlated with scores on another valid intelligence test. Given this statement, Dr. Sefky's view is most likely to agree with a. operant conditioning b. social cognitive theory c. psychosocial theory d. psychodynamic theory ANSWER: 46. Marcia is 80 years old and is learning how to speak French and play the guitar for the first time. Most likely Alberto has a. reached formal operations b. high self-efficacy c. resolved the industry vs. inferiority stage d. been negatively reinforced, 43. A longitudinal study design was warranted to better understand the role of self-esteem in the relationship between CV and NSSI. They can provide high accuracy when observing changes. a. a. However, they usually last at least a year, oftentimes several. b. intelligence Dr. Simpson's students were rightfully upset when he used very accurate weight scales (assessing the poundage of each pupil) to determine their grades in a developmental psychology class. The universal and context-specific developmental issue concerns whether there is just one path of development or several. Penny is relying on ____ forces to explain Yvonne's development. They are highly flexible. Marcelia has been promoted and is moving her family to a new city in a different part of the country. The outbreak of COVID-19 had a significant impact on routines and continuity of professional care. A researcher who wants to study how state welfare programs influence parenting behaviors would be primarily studying a. microsystems b. exosystems c. mesosystems d. operant conditioning, 62. If she wants to study this, she'll have to do a(n) ____study. He would disagree and point out that there is no "normal" progression of human development. d. He would say nothing since he focused on development between birth and adolescence. a. structured observation b. naturalistic observationc. d. Give subjects the right to withdraw from the research without penalty. The period in which participants are tested can range from months to years. Longitudinal studies are a form of observational research that is used to collect data. a. psychodynamic Design is a useful approach for gaining background information on a particular topic. . This means any changes in the outcome variable cannot be attributed to differences between individuals. An effective punishment a. causes some physical pain b. follows a reinforcer c. reduces the likelihood that a behavior will occur in the future d. eventually becomes ineffective ANSWER, c. reduces the likelihood that a behavior will occur in the future, 37. In this study, grades on the psychology exams would constitute the ____variable. a. biologicalb. Because he is using this particular method, he will not be able to a. measure the variables quantitatively b. determine the direction of the relationship between these two variables c. determine the magnitude of the relationship between these two variables d. determine whether changes in one of these variables causes changes in the other, d. determine whether changes in one of these variables causes changes in the other, 100. Michael is performing a(n) ____study. Mary has only one child, three-year-old Shelly, and she has stayed home for most of Shelly's life. Which research method must always occur in a real-life setting? Given that medical history reveals the diagnosis of ADHD in Jiang's father, Dr. Chang suggests Jiang may have a predisposition for the learning disorder. Her primary concerns are economic - she needs to do the study in the way that will cost the least in terms of time and money. Biological forces play a small role once a person reaches puberty. Patti is most likely using a ____ approach to studying the children. Longitudinal studies and cross-sectional studies are two different types of research design. c. Scores on the new intelligence test correlate with scores on another valid intelligence test. e. Estimate Peter's short-term borrowing requirements for the quarter. a. True b. Advantages and disadvantages of longitudinal studies, Frequently asked questions about longitudinal studies. For a one-way ANOVA, the treatments must be __________. Dr. Chang's views reflect the __________ perspective of development. Patti studies the behavior of preschool children by watching them play at a local daycare center. Correct Answer: Access For Free Which method of measuring behavior is most likely to be used in combination with other behavioral measures? De nition: A longitudinal study refers to an investigation where partici-pant outcomes and possibly treatments or exposures are collected at multiple follow-up times. a. As frequent users of this professional care, especially for people with chronic diseases this had consequences. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes has continued to increase worldwide during this millennia. d. Most individuals score high on the new intelligence test. a. Which method is most likely to help her accomplish this goal? c. Scores on the new intelligence test correlate with scores on another valid intelligence test. She really liked hurting people." a. cross-sectional b. correlational c. experimental d. naturalistic observation, b. Davey, who has average self-esteem c. Peter, who has very low self-esteem d. Lisa, who refuses to answer the study questions, 96. It is most likely that Dr. Rubeus's research involves a(n) ____ method. Harry wonders if the Cubs winning the World Series in 2016 will impact the career goals of individuals who were adolescents at the time of the Cubs victory. Behavioral and psychological factors for example, physical activity, smoking and other health behaviors, cognitive and social engagement, personality, and psychosocial stress play a critical role in health across the lifespan. Imitation is most closely related to the concept of a. positive reinforcement b. life-cycle forces c. selective optimization d. observational learning, 40. Prepare IBM's December 31, 2020, entry to record the lease transaction with Swander Company. c. changing ethnic labels (e.g., black American to African American) d. the inability to apply results to the population being studied, c. changing ethnic labels (e.g., black American to African American), 20. a. validity b. sample c. reliability d. population, 89. True b. d. psychological. d. Participants may choose not to continue. This relationship is best described by Bronfenbrenner's notion of a(n) a. mesosystem b. exosystem c. macrosystem d. microsystem, 61. Which theorist is best associated with an ecological approach to human development? In operant conditioning theory, reinforcement is to punishment as a. increasing is to decreasing b. giving is to taking c. unwanted is to wanted d. good is to bad, 35. She finds that every time she does this, students make fewer comments the rest of the class period. d. biological, 25. Marcelia has been promoted and is moving her family to a new city in a different part of the country. Millie's predicament would probably best be explained by a. psychosocial theory b. Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory c. the competence-environmental press theory d. Kohlberg's theory of moral development, c. the competence-environmental press theory, 65. 4. C) Respondents may not tell the truth. False, 135. Orlaith is interested in studying the impact of growing up during the Great Recession on the saving and spending habits of individuals. c. sociocultural Few studies have sought student perceptions of school suspension, as well as measures of problem behaviours and emotional problems, and known factors that influence the development of antisocial behaviour, to examine associations between these variables. Which method of measuring behavior is most likely to be used in combination with other behavioral measures? A longitudinal study generally yields multiple or \repeated" measurements on each subject. Longitudinal studies are time-consuming and often more expensive than other types of studies, so they require significant commitment and resources to be effective. Approximately 70 percent of its sales are collected in the quarter in which they are made. by Indicate one of the lessons that is violated. Mustafa's research deals primarily with the ____ issue of human development. Attrition refers to participants leaving a study. Which method is Dr. Nuriama most likely to use for this study? 45. When Clarisse says, "It doesn't matter if they are French, Swedish, or Chinese, kids are kids," she is espousing a ____ position concerning human development. You decide to study how a particular weight-training program affects athletic performance. Professor Linwood always makes a point of learning the names of all the students in her class. Melissa seems to be assessing the ____ of the lacrosse players. May 8, 2020 However, longitudinal data of early television exposure and subsequent attentional problems have been lacking. Design, Setting, and Participants A longitudinal birth cohort study was conducted at Kaiser Permanente Northern California among 1482 mother-child pairs whose mothers were participants of an existing birth cohort and whose level of exposure to MF nonionizing radiation was captured during pregnancy in 2 studies conducted from October 1, 1996, to . b. Mick's biggest challenge in life is to think of his life as satisfactory and that it is worth living (i.e., that he needs to get some satisfaction). However, they are more restrictive than data you collect yourself. This process is . You then decide to design a longitudinal study to further examine this relationship in men. Nemo wishes to leave home and begin an adventure that will challenge his skills as a person and lead to a better understanding of himself. According to ecological theory, the people closest to a developing child represent their, Results from individual research participants should be. Never tell subjects if they've been deceived. The company's debt ratio (liabilities \div assets) is currently 90 percent. Dr. Nuriama is interested in studying the way people spend their time when they are in their homes alone. For example, anyone can access data from the 1970 British Cohort Study, which has followed the lives of 17,000 Brits since their births in a single week in 1970, through the UK Data Service website. It is difficult to generalize results to the larger population. A longitudinal study is a correlational research method that helps discover the relationship between variables in a specific target population. Wavebreakmedia / Getty Images. d. biological, 17. Which topic is probably of least interest to him? True b. Table of contents Rutger is most likely a proponent of a. Piaget's theory b. Kohlberg's theory c. information-processing theory d. Erikson's theory, 52. A) Participants who repeatedly tested or observed may become "test-wise" B) Participants may die or drop out of the study C) Its expensive and time-intensive D) Its difficult to generalize to the larger population May 13 2022 11:25 AM Expert's Answer Solution.pdf a. psychological a. experiential b. nurture c. environmental d. hereditary, 3. ", The fact that a teen growing up during the Vietnam War will develop in a different manner than a teen growing up during the Iraq War is best explained in terms of. a. nature b. nurture c. continuity d. discontinuity, 5. Obtain John Deeres 2016 annual report either through the Investor Relations portion of their Devising a long term plan and building a collaborative team is the essential step within this context. 117. a. Therefore, she would most likely hypothesize that her son's intellectual disability (formally known as mental retardation) is due to a. her parenting style b. his genes c. his exposure to a toxic chemical prior to birth d. his exposure to Rubella prior to birth, 4. Competence-environmental press theory emphasizes that to understand people's functioning, it is essential to understand the systems in which they live. Longitudinal studies. evolutionary. All Rights Reserved. Even though Bonita was never reinforced directly for doing so, she increased the frequency of her studying after she saw her friend Hemma get a lot of attention when she studied. The longest-running longitudinal study in the world today was started in 1921 by psychologist Lewis Terman. While doing this, she is careful to find a spot where she will be completely unnoticed by the individuals she is observing. False ANSWER: 141. A researcher has a hypothesis that hostility toward women is created by viewing pornography. d. The forces that influence human behavior are too complex to identify through empirical research. Which of the following challenges is LEAST associated with longitudinal research? What sort of forces are probably of most interest to Dr. Bach? Dr. Kim takes a strong nature position with regard to the origins of intellectual disabilities. psychological c. life-cycle d. sociocultural, 54. Who would have the least amount of interest in children's thinking? Which item does not constitute a "psychological force? A cross-sectional study is a type of observational research that analyzes data of variables collected at one given point in time across a sample population or a pre-defined subset. False, 136. Mustafa is interested in determining whether children develop virtually the same way in Algeria as they do in other parts of the world. b. social cognitive ObjectivesPatients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis usually suffer a high burden of poor functional status. c. No, because studying biological influences is a necessary component in understanding development. Longitudinal studies are a type of correlational research in which researchers observe and collect data on a number of variables without trying to influence those variables. True b. The groups of people who participate in these studies are most commonly known as a. samples b. populations c. mesosystems d. independent variables, 92. This reflects which step of the research process? In longitudinal studies, researchers do not manipulate any variables or interfere with the environment. Such investigations vary enormously in their size and complexity. d. life-cycle factors ANSWER, 21. Yet few prospective longitudinal studies have examined pathways to BPD, particularly with inclusion of multiple risk domains. a. reinforced b. extinguished c. punished d. extinguished, 34. c. Early experiences may influence behavior throughout one's development. a. longitudinal b. meta-analysis c. cross-sectional d. qualitative, 115. In recent years, there has been an increased interest in the problems associated with the design . Your friend David has decided to start studying human development because he hates studying biology. a. longitudinal b. cross-sectional c. sequential d. experimental, 114. In some cases, longitudinal studies can last several decades. c. sociocultural Like any other research design, longitudinal studies have their tradeoffs: they provide a unique set of benefits, but also come with some downsides. Which single set of factors best explains the different responses of Fernando and Jorge to the move? Scribbr. Zhang is attempting to alter the behavior of his son by controlling the consequences of his son's actions. c. ecological The 1970 British Cohort Study, which has collected data on the lives of 17,000 Brits since their births in 1970, is one well-known example of a longitudinal study. Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time.. a. biological factors In an experiment designed to determine whether taking vitamin A before attending a social event improves self-esteem, what is the dependent variable? a. Bandura's b. Erikson's c. Skinner's d. Vygotsky's. Participants may move away or drop out of the research. -.23 b. This type of description would suggest that Brad adheres to a(n) ____ approach to development. Virtually all studies done in psychology rely on studying people representative of a larger group. The longitudinal research is time-consuming. This is partially because his method of assessment lacked a. a sufficient sample size b. reliability - d. the ability to identify practice effects, 88. Mario is going to do a correlational study dealing with playing video games and intelligence. Because Harvey is not interested in determining a causeand-effect relationship, he would be best advised to do a(n) ____study. The field of ____ gives us information about how the four developmental forces interact with each other. Longitudinal studies also allow repeated observations of the same individual over time. The fact that a teen growing up when Pearl Harbor was attacked will develop in a different manner from ateen growing up when the World Trade Center was attacked is best explained in terms of a. multidirectionality b. multiple causation c. plasticity d. historical context, 70. Apparently, Morticia's talks are ____ her daughter's obnoxious behavior. True b. 122. c. No, because studying biological influences is a necessary component in understanding development. Longitudinal studies are a method of observational research. Given this statement, Dr. Sefky's view is most likely to agree with. age effects b. non-normative factors c. cohort effects d. time-of-measurement effects, 112. Which force would likely explain most of the differences between their behaviors as teens? False ANSWER: 140. The grandparents have ____ her visiting behavior. Matti's predicament would probably best be explained by. They can be used to provide a snapshot of a group or society at a specific moment. a. External suspension from school is a common disciplinary practice in traditionally English-speaking countries. a. life-cycle Whose theory is best associated with a life-span perspective emphasizing research on adult development? It can take up to several years, or . She wants to be able to quantify this relationship but wants to avoid any ethical concerns regarding the manipulation of these variables. What is an example of a longitudinal study? Smita is using a ____design. Morticia finds that whenever she talks to her daughter about her obnoxious behavior, the obnoxious behavior increases in frequency.