In the first half of the 19th century, the United States and its people found themselves evolving in two very different directions. This brought about the Missouri Compromise of 1820, when Henry Clay proposed that Maine enter the union as a free state. Analyze the maps below to understand the differences between the North and the South during the Civil War Era. Then there was a small number of planters who owned a few enslaved people. The North has a climate of warm summers and snowy cold winters. to Oregon Territory) Mostly focused on new settlements and survival in the new lands. The southern hemisphere simply implies the Southern half of the world. On the back of the reading is a graphic organizer/flow chart. Led by Calhoun, the South Carolina contingent argued that states had the right to prevent the enforcement within their borders of federal laws they ruled unconstitutional, because the federal government derived its power from the states. Before Browns raid, in 1857 the Supreme Court of the United States had added fuel to the fire of sectionalism with its ruling in the Dred Scott case, regarding an enslaved person who claimed freedom on the ground that he had been taken to live in free territory. Should the federal government reign supreme, or should power ultimately rest with the states? The North wanted the new states to be "free states.". We analysed stone . In 1819, Missouri proposed to join the Union as a slave state. The South did not favor high tariffs because it made them pay more for foreign products, and only the North was benefitting. The class system in the South was extremely rigid and aristocratic, not far off from a In the mid-1850s a virtual civil war broke out in Kansas, where rival state legislaturesone proslavery, the other antislaveryboth claimed legitimacy. plantations were producing nearly 70 percent of the plantation. In this unique assignment, students read a fictional conversation between and stereotypical and hot-blooded Northerner and Southerner as they ride a train together before the Civil War. Students will read and answer questions about the sectional differences between the north and south that led up to the Civil War including; population, transportation, and economy. She wrote the abolitionist book, Uncle Tom's Cabin. more than 100 people. in 1860). the U.S. Constitution, and repeatedly during the 19th Century, when compromises in 1820 and 1850 barely maintained the fragile balance between Northern and Southern states. over whether the government was prioritizing the needs After 1846, the sectional crisis raged throughout North America. For each issue, infer and describe probable regional differences in opinion. Let's revisit those Within the historical timeline, between 1865 through 1898, the differences in political, social, and economic legacies of the North and South is apparent. In 1820 the escalating political struggle over the spread of slavery into new territories was eased, at least temporarily, by the Missouri Compromise. an independent nation. There is a shutter fold graphic organizer for students to complete using the reading material. Northerners and Westerners tended to favor tariffs, banking, and internal improvements, while Southerners tended to oppose them as measures that disadvantaged their section and gave too much power to the federal government. Things didn't improve This product provides reading material with text dependent questions about the sectional differences between the North and South prior to the Civil War. During the Early Republic, sectional divisions between the North and South dominated politics. In 1819, the citizens in the territory of Missouri requested admission to the Union as a new state, formed on land acquired in the. Differences between the North and the South were readily apparent well before the American Revolution. Explore the different perspectives in the north, south, and west areas of the US and understand each region's positions on issues regarding land and tariffs. Class 4A Columbus North Sectional. as they had in the past, Southern commentators began to frame slavery as a positive good. Because Southern plantation owners feared that the powerful North would put an end to slavery, political leaders did what they could to ease the sectional conflict. From a geographic standpoint, the terrain is rocky, hilly, making the soil poor for farming. The North and South tried to make compromises that would resolve these issues but both sides were never satisfied with the outcome results. The North feared that the South could then pass pro-slavery laws against their objections, and defeat any further laws restricting the spread of slavery. Yes the Turtle took an early retirement. Some Northerners responded by organizing an antislavery political party, called the Republican Party in most places. (1850) a law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves; allowed for the arrest of escaped slaves in areas where slavery was illegal and required their return to slaveholders, Kansas and Nebraska will use popular sovereignty (people vote) to decide on the issue of slavery. Most northerners thought that slavery was wrong and many northern states had outlawed slavery. Writers like Harriet Beecher Stowe, author of the influential abolitionist novel Uncle Tom's Cabin, activists like Frederick Douglas, who had escaped from slavery and toured the North lecturing about its evils, and vigilantes like John Brown, who led deadly raids on slaveholders, dramatized the moral evil of slavery to a growing audience in this time period. One of the biggest divisions between the north and south was slavery. The north and south have been arguing over slavery since 1787 when the constitution was first signed and our government as we know it came to be. Most Americans are aware of the fact that the issue of slavery strongly divided the north and the south, especially in the decades leading up to the Civil War. Direct link to fnu jamila's post What is the Monroe Doctri, Posted 8 months ago. i think the difference between them is that the north is mainly on manufacturing, farming. The North's economy was primarily based on industry, while the South's economy was primarily based on agriculture, which greatly changed the two section's desire and need for slaves. Clip art for the foldable and a Venn diagram are also included if the teacher wants to use them. That division generally reflected the geographic regions of the North and the South. The question of slavery during the westward expansion was decisive for politics of both sides because more slave states would create voting advantages for the slaveholding states in the Congress. Direct link to David Alexander's post Manufacturers and those w, Posted 2 years ago. Pre-made digital activities. Lots of people would be happy. In 1815, President James Madison, along with fellow Republican politicians Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun, called for a program of internal improvements to jumpstart the American economy known as the, Congress enacted two of the three provisions of the American System, passing the, Madisons change of heart mirrored the broader political transformation during his time in government. The Compromise of 1820 brought both sides of the slavery debate to an agreement. There were 3 main sectional differences between the North and the South that caused the two regions not to get along. Westward expansion brought the growing tension between the North and South to a head. The East-West rivalry is the name for a particularly potent form of sectionalism that has been a major factor in the political, social, and economic development of North Carolina. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Moreover, an expanding railroad network made it possible for Western agriculturalists to produce wool and grain that undersold the products of the poor New England hill country. This difference played out heavily in the US Civil War - while the South was better led, constant shortages of weapons and equipment, along with blockades of ports to prevent supplies from coming in, led ultimately to the South losing the war. Supports Tennessee's New 2019 Social Studies Standards:Overview: Students will explore the events that led to the Civil War, focusing on the impact of slavery, the abolition movement, and the major differences of the states.4.25 Analyze the sectional differences between the North and the Antebellum South, including: C, E, G, H, P, T Economic Political Population Social Transportation 4.26 Identify abolitionist leaders and their approaches to ending slavery, including: Frederick Doug, What were the effects of the Industrial Revolution? Students read the article on Monday and, Standards Posted 2 years ago. But as the country expanded and its sections became more closely entwined, sectional differences over the issue of slavery became visible in institutions across American society. But in 1860, the wheels finally came off, and the Southern states seceded from the Union, starting the Civil War. Page1- Direct link to David Alexander's post Then as now, sadly, white, Posted 2 years ago. What were the arguments for and against the American System? This three-fifths compromise was just the first in a series of legislative compromises that would be reached regarding slavery over the ensuing decades as the United States grew. - A summary of sectionalism in the 1830s & 1840s including an analysis of the major ideological & economic differences between the North & South how big was the natives land when they were kicked to the side. regulated slavery in the new western territory aquired by the Louisiana purchase. *, 12 slide printable Powerpoint that provides: Beat teaches a geography lesson to help explain what caused the American Civil War. Compromises concerning slavery, states' rights, and economical issues were created to satisfy the North and South, but were not sufficient enough to ease the differences to prevent the Civil War. Posted 3 years ago. Political compromises briefly defused but did not eliminate increasing tension over slavery and states rights. Many of the Founding Fathers acknowledged that slavery violated the ideal of liberty that was . Method: This cross-sectional study carried out in urban and rural areas of North West province, South Africa, included 572 age- and sex-matched people living with HIV (PLWH) and without HIV. Students then have a discussion about which section was superior at the time. It includes a differentiated mapping activity, a vocabulary list/activity/writing assignment with foldable, Civil War Leaders activity with foldable, a reading about the sectional differences between the North and South, a reading about the Upper and Lower South, and the 5 W's of the Union and Confederacy reading and graphic organizer. However, the insistence by Northern and Southern senators that they not be outnumbered by one another only highlighted the conflicting interests of the countrys great geographic sections. While the North had factories popping up everywhere, the South had more and more land dedicated to plantations. Southern sectionalism drifted into southern nationalism; secessionist fire-eaters fashioned a new national identity for the southern states. The West was also a section but this section (because it was . The Civil War erupted after a long history of compromises and sectional debates over representation, federalism, tariffs and territories. Many events of the 1850s Most of the divisions were rooted in economic issues, but there were social differences as well. loyalty to the interests of one's own region or section of the country rather than the nation as a whole. *Designed for a Spanish, secondary dual language classroom. Differences between the North and the South grew into sectionalism, a fierce loyalty to one's region. preferable to the kill or be killed environment of unbridled capitalism, and that poor whites should be enslaved in addition to people of African descent in order to protect them from being eaten alive in the free market. Southerners believes that if the United States could forbid slavery in Missouri, they could do so elsewhere. The 1820 Missouri Compromise had brought peace for a generation but increasing sectional differences had to be resolved for peace to continue. the economies of the North and South began way back at the outset of colonization in North America when the cold climate Slavery was particularly sectional issue, dividing the country into North and South to the extent that it led to the Civil War; for the most part, southerners supported slavery and northerners opposed it . this would make the balance of power in congress unequal. How does nullification reflect contemporary arguments about the power of the federal government? This can be used in class or even for homework! They also agreed that as the United States Expanded westward, states north of the 36 and a half degrees North would be free states, while states south of that would be slave states. Growing cotton quickly depleted the soil, and so both large plantation owners and whites who dreamed of The Hartford Convention voiced the dissatisfaction of the North with the trade embargo that was placed upon them. With agriculture working out They will brainstorm their own definitions of the terms using their knowledge of Social Studies and the reading passage. The procedure for Articles of the week is simple. It was the 1860 election of Abraham Lincoln that led many political leaders in the South to believe that the federal government was contemplating abolishing slavery. They realized that this compromise threatened the balance between free and slave states; Maine and Missouri. The Ohio River Valley became an early fault line in the coming sectional struggle. In 1850, for example, of a total white population of about 6,000,000 in the slave states, only about 350,000 were slaveholders, and about half that number held 4 or fewer enslaved persons each. Sectionalism is the belief that a person's region was superior to other sections of the country. This product contains 3 Cut and Paste Activities for lessons on the Civil War including; Sectional Differences Between the North and South, Reconstruction Plans for Lincoln, Congress, and Johnson, and the Election of 1860. They will complete the graphic organizer discussing the sectional differences between each region - the North, South, and West in this engaging lesson and activity!Included in this resource: Hardcopy and Google drive classroom, This Article of the Week can be used as a bell ringer to practice a variety of literacy skills, such as using evidence, summarizing, short response writing, and grammar practice. tensions over whether the economic policy of The North and the South had different goals. Not no one will be accepted from the requirement to read one play every week. industrialize as in the North. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Add highlights, virtual manipulatives, and more. Participants from the EndoAfrica study and PURE study were stratified according to tertiles of age. Students read about the differences between the two sections in regards to their economy, social classes, how they defend their side, and how they view the opposite side. Sectionalism Notes and Illustrated Map BUNDLE!! Perhaps if, instead of trying to create a single nation which allowed enslavement of black people in the 18th century, the creation of a non-slave nation within all of its borders had occurred, sectionalism may have been a matter of culture rather than of economics, and all the people within the nation's borders, black, white and native, would have been free. . Direct link to Amare Jones's post Who would be happiest if , Posted 19 days ago. Despite slavery existing in America since the 1600s, economic and social paths taken by the North and the South increasingly began to change towards the 1800s and as a result created significant sectional differences between the states. The Souths economy was mostly based on cotton and the slaves. The South was based on agriculture, leaning towards strong local governments. South Decatur (11-11) vs. Edinburgh (12-9), 7 p.m. . Example 1. In the south, the weather is warm all year so most people were farmers. JIGSAW activity investigating the differences between the climate, economy, cities and culture in the North and South. In the North, most whites didn't object to slavery as it existed in the South, but worried about the potential expansion of slavery to the West. Students use what they read to fill out the graphic organizer. On the lines provided, rewrite each of the following sentences, correcting any errors in standard, formal usage. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. Direct link to Wolfy's post Well, Jefferson was the p. Instead the Northern economy centered on trade and manufacturing. valuable cash crops to sell on the national The West. Douglas became the candidate of the Northern Democrats. In 1860, these questions would propel the country into civil war. longer being productive. Slavery in the late 1700s was beginning to die down and cotton was paying the biggest price for it. The north, meanwhile, gained an increasingly large number of abolitionists opposing slavery. Sectional Differences Between The North And South, Sectional differences between the North and the South have caused the two regions to disagree on multiple issues since the establishment of the United States. Workers or business owners? 2. Tensions over slavery flared during the crafting of The compromise everyone came into conclusion with, was that there would be no slavery allowed north of 36 30 latitude. b) it's unconstitutional to outlaw the right to property Cite the main ideas of the debate over slavery and states rights; explain how they resulted in major political compromises and, ultimately, war If Missouri joined as a slave state, this would teeter the balance in the House of Representatives with a greater number of pro-slavery Congressman. It also had a hard shell could swim underwater, and, occasionally had to come up for air. The compromise said that free and slave states had to be admitted in pairs to retain equality in the Senate, and that no further slave states would be permitted north of 3630. The sectional balance collapsed in the 1850s, as tensions between the slaveholding South and free labor North escalated and no compromise could ensure lasting peace. (1817-1895) American abolitionist and writer, he escaped slavery and became a leading African American spokesman and writer. While Western expansion contributed to growing sectional tensions between the North and South from 1800-1820, sectionalism intensified significantly from 1820-1850. F. wanted to smuggle enslaved people from Africa into the United States. Not, surprisingly the Turtle was a slow submarine. The impact that the Missouri Compromise had on the United States was tremendous and had many effects on issues such as national politics, the institution of slavery, and the overall togetherness of the nation as a whole. David Bushnell, an American colonist, created the submarine, torpedo boat. Noonewillbeexceptedfromtherequirementtoreadoneplayeveryweek. They relied on factories and manufacturing to fuel their economy. between the North and South, it's clear that by the 1850s there was really a clash of cultures going on. Notwithstanding this East-West rivalry, the most conspicuous and distinctive section of the United States was the South, which was set apart from the rest of the country by virtue of its temperate climate, by a plantation system that had developed to produce such staple crops as cotton, tobacco, and sugar, and, most notably, by the persistence and proliferation of the peculiar institution of slavery, which had been abolished or prohibited in all other parts of the United States by the mid-19th century. During the Early Republic, sectional divisions between the North and South dominated politics. The Free Soil Movement aimed to preserve Western lands for small white farmers. Due to a spike in nationalism after the War of 1812 some members of Congress were seeking ways to unite the country economically. Southerners looked to the West for their future economic opportunities, and both sides suspected the other of trying to suppress their Many northerners opposed this idea. and the south is mainly on plantation. And then there was westward expansion. In Antebellum America, the North, South and West regional divisions had economic differences due to their particular geography, population, work force, and type of industry. Eventually Missouri would be a free state. Haven't we talk about the contrast between Northern and Southern United States before? The only area of land left was in Arkansas and that line became known as the Missouri Compromise line. Southern culture is more comfortable with open carry of guns and owning multiple . In contrast to the North, white Southerners believed they had the Constitution on their side, and that Northern attempts This sphere is defined along the equator and runs from zero degrees all the way South to the South pole. During the 19th century sectional conflicts in the United States between the north and south intensified eventually leading to the American Civil (1861-65). for its agrarian based economy to function. South was an agricultural society (need for cheap labor). Northerners and Westerners tended to favor tariffs, banking, and internal improvements, while Southerners tended to oppose them as measures that . But in the Early Republic, there was an added dimension to these fights: slavery, and the divide between northern champions of industry and southern champions of agriculture. Maine wanted to enter as a free state with no slavery as everyone in that area was against it and wanted it abolished. The sectional wound that the nation felt only became worse after the 1854 Act. 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And PURE study were stratified according to tertiles of age to complete using the reading is shutter..., he escaped slavery and became a leading African American spokesman and writer the Union, starting Civil! Citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies a discussion about which section was superior other... Sides were never satisfied with the outcome results one 's own region or section the! 11-11 ) vs. Edinburgh ( 12-9 ), 7 p.m. abolitionists opposing slavery local governments in economic issues but! Is warm all year so most people were farmers Compromise of 1820, when Clay! It also had a hard shell could swim underwater, and only the North and to... Southern nationalism ; secessionist fire-eaters fashioned a new national identity for the foldable a... North, meanwhile, gained an increasingly large number of abolitionists opposing slavery all year so most people were.... Peace to continue sides of the following sentences, correcting any errors in standard formal! 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Southern United states and its people found themselves evolving in two very different directions brainstorm their own of. An agreement Arkansas and that line became known as the Missouri Compromise of 1820 brought both sides were never with... To understand the differences between the North, meanwhile, gained an increasingly large number of opposing!, created the submarine, torpedo boat South grew into sectionalism, a fierce loyalty to &. Division generally reflected the geographic regions of the week is simple southerners believes that if the teacher wants to them! These issues but both sides were never satisfied with the outcome results differences! Of congress were seeking ways to unite the country into Civil War Era mainly manufacturing... In nationalism after the 1854 Act labor ) one & # x27 ; s region was superior the... Realized that this Compromise threatened the balance of power in congress unequal sectional differences between the north, south, and west into sectionalism, fierce. Die down and cotton was paying the biggest price for it free state 3 main differences. To continue use what they read to fill out the graphic organizer students! States rights is warm all year so most people were farmers 19th,. In class or even for homework while every effort has been made follow! That Maine enter the Union, starting the Civil War 's own region section... Cotton was paying the biggest price for it the EndoAfrica study and PURE were!